Eur. Phys. J. D 75:152 (2021)
Roadmap on dynamics of molecules and clusters in the gas phase
Henning Zettergren1,*, Alicja Domaracka2, Thomas Schlath¨olter3, Paola Bolognesi4, Sergio D´ıaz-Tendero5,6,7, Marta Labuda8, Sanja Tosic9, Sylvain Maclot10,11, Per Johnsson10, Amanda Steber12,13, Denis Tikhonov12,13, Mattea Carmen Castrovilli4, Lorenzo Avaldi4, Sadia Bari12 , Aleksandar R. Milosavljevi´c14 , Alicia Palacios5,7, Shirin Faraji3, Dariusz G. Piekarski15, Patrick Rousseau2, Daniela Ascenzi16, Claire Romanzin17, Ewa Erdmann8,5, Manuel Alcam´ı5,7,18, Janina Kopyra19, Paulo Lim˜ao-Vieira20, Jaroslav Koˇciˇsek21, Juraj Fedor21, Simon Albertini22, Michael Gatchell22,1, Henrik Cederquist1, Henning T. Schmidt1, Elisabeth Gruber23, Lars H. Andersen23, Oded Heber24, Yoni Toker25, Klavs Hansen26, Jennifer A. Noble27, Christophe Jouvet27, Christina Kjær23, Steen Brøndsted Nielsen23, Eduardo Carrascosa28, James Bull29, Alessandra Candian30 , and Annemieke Petrignani30
1 Department of Physics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
2 Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CEA, CNRS, CIMAP, 14000 Caen, France
3 Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
4 CNR-ISM, Area della Ricerca Roma1, Monterotondo Scalo, Italy
5 Departamento de Qu´ımica, Facultad de Ciencias, M´odulo 13, Universidad Aut´onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
6 Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Aut´onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
7 Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Aut´onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid,Spain
8 Department of Theoretical Physics and Quantum Information, Gda´nsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12,80-233 Gda´nsk, Poland
9 Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
10 Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
11 Present address: Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origov¨agen 6B, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
12 Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
13 Institute of Physical Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universit¨at zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Straße 1, 24118 Kiel, Germany
14 SOLEIL, l’Orme des Merisiers, St Aubin, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
15 Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
16 Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Trento, Italy
17 Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR 8000 CNRS, Universit´e Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
18 Instituto Madrile˜no de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencias (IMDEA-Nanociencia), 28049 Madrid, Spain
19 Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
20 Atomic and Molecular Collisions Laboratory, CEFITEC, Department of Physics, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
21 J. Heyrovsk´y Institute of Physical Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejˇskova 3, 18223 Prague, Czech Republic
22 Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, Tecnikerstraße 25/3, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
23 Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
24 Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
25 Department of Physics and Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
26 Center for Joint Quantum Studies and Department of Physics, School of Science, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
27 CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ., PIIM, Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Mol´eculaires, UMR 7345, 13397 Marseille, France
28 Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Mol´eculaire, Ecole Polytechnique F´ ´ ed´erale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCPM, Station 6, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
29 School of Chemistry, Norwich Research Park, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
30 Van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
* e-mail: henning@fysik.su.se
Abstract
This roadmap article highlights recent advances, challenges and future prospects in studies of the dynamics of molecules and clusters in the gas phase. It comprises nineteen contributions by scientists with leading expertise in complementary experimental and theoretical techniques to probe the dynamics on timescales spanning twenty order of magnitudes, from attoseconds to minutes and beyond, and for systems ranging in complexity from the smallest (diatomic) molecules to clusters and nanoparticles. Combining some of these techniques opens up new avenues to unravel hitherto unexplored reaction pathways and mechanisms, and to establish their significance in, e.g. radiotherapy and radiation damage on the nanoscale, astrophysics, astrochemistry and atmospheric science.
