More on gravitational memory

Pujian Mao^1,3,*, Xiaoning Wu^2,4

¹Center for Joint Quantum Studies and Department of Physics, School of Science, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Road, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China

²Institute of Mathematics, Academy of Mathematics and System Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China

³Institute of High Energy Physics and Theoretical Physics Center for Science Facilities, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19B Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, P.R. China

⁴Hua Loo-Keng Key Laboratory of Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

pjmao@tju.edu.cn wuxn@amss.ac.cn

Abstract

Two novel results for the gravitational memory effect are presented in this paper. We first extend the formula for the memory effect to solutions with arbitrary two surface boundary topology. The memory effect for the Robinson-Trautman solution is obtained in its standard form. Then we propose a new observational effect for the spin memory. It is a time delay of time-like free falling observers.

Key words: Classical Theories of Gravity, Gauge Symmetry